Which of these components is an example of an inductive load?

An inductive load is a component within an electrical system that primarily uses magnetic fields for its operation, generally characterized by coils of wire that generate magnetic fields when current flows through them. A transformer is an ideal example of an inductive load because it relies on the principles of electromagnetic induction to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through inductively coupled conductors.

Transformers consist of primary and secondary windings, which create magnetic fields as alternating current flows through them. This magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary winding, allowing for the transfer of electrical energy without direct electrical connection. Therefore, this magnetic behavior and the nature of its operation make the transformer distinctly an inductive load.

In contrast, the other components listed operate on different principles. Capacitors, for example, store electrical energy in an electric field rather than a magnetic field, while light bulbs and resistors primarily convert electrical energy into light and heat, respectively, without generating significant magnetic fields in the process.