What is the primary function of substations within the electrical grid?

The primary function of substations within the electrical grid is to transform voltage levels and manage electricity flow. Substations play a crucial role in the transmission and distribution of electricity by stepping up voltage levels for efficient long-distance transport and then stepping down voltages for safe delivery to homes and businesses. This voltage transformation is vital because it helps to reduce energy losses during transmission, ensuring that electricity can travel significant distances without losing power. Additionally, substations help regulate the flow of electricity, manage load demands, and maintain the stability and reliability of the grid.

While managing electricity tariffs and billing, storing excess energy, and monitoring consumer usage patterns are important aspects of overall grid management and efficiency, they do not encapsulate the primary responsibilities of substations specifically.