What is a common consequence of improper load balancing in electrical grids?

Improper load balancing in electrical grids often leads to an increased risk of equipment failure. When the load across different components of the grid is not evenly distributed, certain elements may be subjected to excessive stress or overloading. This can result in overheating, insulation breakdown, and eventual failure of transformers, generators, or transmission lines. Equipment that is not regularly maintained or is overloaded can suffer from reduced lifespan and increased downtime, potentially leading to higher costs for repairs or replacements.

The other options do not relate to the consequences of improper load balancing. For instance, maintenance costs typically increase when equipment failures occur, rather than decrease. Similarly, improper load balancing does not enhance the performance of the grid or result in higher energy efficiency; in fact, it tends to do the opposite, as an unbalanced load can lead to wasted energy and reduced operational effectiveness.